[Music as the corona ░░░░░░░░ spreads worldwide efforts are ░░░░░░░░ made to find treatments ░░░░░░░░ will save lives hello ░░░░░░░░ I m on in ░░░░░░░░ in this time of ░░░░░░░░ pandemic we ve had ░░░░░░░░ adapt our broadcast I ░░░░░░░░ coming to you from ░░░░░░░░ home just outside Washington ░░░░░░░░ C with this special ░░░░░░░░ of the heat according ░░░░░░░░ the World Health Organization ░░░░░░░░ is something like 70 ░░░░░░░░ trials being conducted around ░░░░░░░░ world and some of ░░░░░░░░ tests have already gone ░░░░░░░░ human trials dr William ░░░░░░░░ is an HIV and ░░░░░░░░ specialist he joins us ░░░░░░░░ from New York he ░░░░░░░░ the president of access ░░░░░░░░ international dr Haslund Inc ░░░░░░░░ so much for joining ░░░░░░░░ it s my pleasure ░░░░░░░░ your most recent article ░░░░░░░░ is in Forbes magazine ░░░░░░░░ write about some promising ░░░░░░░░ that is being done ░░░░░░░░ a biotechnology company in ░░░░░░░░ in Beijing on a ░░░░░░░░ what can you tell ░░░░░░░░ about that well I ░░░░░░░░ very encouraged to see ░░░░░░░░ it was I was ░░░░░░░░ a free print that ░░░░░░░░ sent to science I ░░░░░░░░ it s accepted for ░░░░░░░░ now and it describes ░░░░░░░░ work of a company ░░░░░░░░ sine of X based ░░░░░░░░ Beijing to develop a ░░░░░░░░ to the Cova virus ░░░░░░░░ b2 they did some ░░░░░░░░ nice work it s ░░░░░░░░ simple vaccine as a ░░░░░░░░ virus they grow up ░░░░░░░░ virus virulent strain of ░░░░░░░░ virus they inactivate it ░░░░░░░░ beta propio electron it ░░░░░░░░ a standard inactivation protocol ░░░░░░░░ then they do a ░░░░░░░░ series of discrepant preliminary ░░░░░░░░ of experiments in mice ░░░░░░░░ then in monkeys and ░░░░░░░░ it s a it ░░░░░░░░ a very thorough very ░░░░░░░░ executed a piece of ░░░░░░░░ I d say they ░░░░░░░░ got experience because they ░░░░░░░░ already selling killed virus ░░░░░░░░ for a variety of ░░░░░░░░ diseases so this isn ░░░░░░░░ their first rodeo in ░░░░░░░░ of doing this it ░░░░░░░░ a simplest possible approach ░░░░░░░░ s one that s ░░░░░░░░ for viruses in the ░░░░░░░░ it s the Polio ░░░░░░░░ approach is a benefit ░░░░░░░░ approach and their ability ░░░░░░░░ protect monkeys look good ░░░░░░░░ you say Polio vaccine ░░░░░░░░ what makes that particularly ░░░░░░░░ well what they did ░░░░░░░░ their Polio as they ░░░░░░░░ up the first Salk ░░░░░░░░ was growing up the ░░░░░░░░ in a large batch ░░░░░░░░ activating it and that ░░░░░░░░ a vaccine that s ░░░░░░░░ I took when I ░░░░░░░░ a kid and it ░░░░░░░░ my life because every ░░░░░░░░ before that every summer ░░░░░░░░ couldn t go to ░░░░░░░░ pool I couldn t ░░░░░░░░ out with my friends ░░░░░░░░ know I ve lived ░░░░░░░░ too and this is ░░░░░░░░ third epidemic I lived ░░░░░░░░ the Polio epidemic the ░░░░░░░░ epidemic which is still ░░░░░░░░ is killing 50 million ░░░░░░░░ most people forget how ░░░░░░░░ that epidemic is about ░░░░░░░░ hundred million people infected ░░░░░░░░ 50 million down already ░░░░░░░░ still going and now ░░░░░░░░ one so very simple ░░░░░░░░ to your question is ░░░░░░░░ the first Polio vaccine ░░░░░░░░ Salk vaccine was killed ░░░░░░░░ just like this so ░░░░░░░░ kind of timeline are ░░░░░░░░ looking at if the ░░░░░░░░ are being conducted now ░░░░░░░░ monkeys at some stage ░░░░░░░░ will move to humans ░░░░░░░░ guess it s already ░░░░░░░░ humans in a sense ░░░░░░░░ it s doing a ░░░░░░░░ trial they described days ░░░░░░░░ described the be in ░░░░░░░░ middle of a 144 ░░░░░░░░ trial phase one for ░░░░░░░░ in China I can ░░░░░░░░ tell you how long ░░░░░░░░ s been underway but ░░░░░░░░ shouldn t take long ░░░░░░░░ then they are planning ░░░░░░░░ thousand person preliminary preliminary ░░░░░░░░ test there are a ░░░░░░░░ of companies doing that ░░░░░░░░ think this stimulated the ░░░░░░░░ group to announce without ░░░░░░░░ they re already into ░░░░░░░░ much larger trial but ░░░░░░░░ s hard to evaluate ░░░░░░░░ I personally was irritated ░░░░░░░░ what the Oxford group ░░░░░░░░ because they got headlines ░░░░░░░░ the front pages of ░░░░░░░░ York Times and other ░░░░░░░░ without presenting their data ░░░░░░░░ this group from China ░░░░░░░░ really accurate data very ░░░░░░░░ data and nobody covered ░░░░░░░░ who is buried story ░░░░░░░░ buried so I think ░░░░░░░░ is bad journalism now ░░░░░░░░ to the World Health ░░░░░░░░ there are about seven ░░░░░░░░ candidates currently in human ░░░░░░░░ well that just give ░░░░░░░░ one vaccine Oh could ░░░░░░░░ see multiple vaccines around ░░░░░░░░ world you know I ░░░░░░░░ the standard of today ░░░░░░░░ disease like this is ░░░░░░░░ do what s called ░░░░░░░░ prime boost you give ░░░░░░░░ type of vaccine to ░░░░░░░░ the process so you ░░░░░░░░ in with a second ░░░░░░░░ of XE so there ░░░░░░░░ be different vaccines also ░░░░░░░░ are going to be ░░░░░░░░ vaccines that are more ░░░░░░░░ to manufacture so a ░░░░░░░░ process we hear the ░░░░░░░░ States National Institutes of ░░░░░░░░ tell us that we ░░░░░░░░ t have a vaccine ░░░░░░░░ at least 12 to ░░░░░░░░ months is that a ░░░░░░░░ timetable they re getting ░░░░░░░░ little bit more optimistic ░░░░░░░░ ve been listening very ░░░░░░░░ to their language to ░░░░░░░░ language of Bill Gates ░░░░░░░░ s on top of ░░░░░░░░ number of these things ░░░░░░░░ think there s a ░░░░░░░░ that ll be accelerated ░░░░░░░░ the timeline that I ░░░░░░░░ was totally from my ░░░░░░░░ in developing these things ░░░░░░░░ I think that you ░░░░░░░░ accelerate it so that ░░░░░░░░ may get approval by ░░░░░░░░ end of this year ░░░░░░░░ this year we can ░░░░░░░░ approval because the urgency ░░░░░░░░ so great the urgency ░░░░░░░░ human lives in the ░░░░░░░░ in terms of economic ░░░░░░░░ because nobody s going ░░░░░░░░ want to open up ░░░░░░░░ society fully until you ░░░░░░░░ protection from infection so ░░░░░░░░ s an enormous pressure ░░░░░░░░ save lives and to ░░░░░░░░ livelihoods there s also ░░░░░░░░ being conducted in China ░░░░░░░░ isolate antibodies to treat ░░░░░░░░ what can you tell ░░░░░░░░ about these treatments well ░░░░░░░░ most people are becoming ░░░░░░░░ with the idea of ░░░░░░░░ therapy you ll take ░░░░░░░░ convalescent Sarah that is ░░░░░░░░ blood the cell from ░░░░░░░░ has recovered and administer ░░░░░░░░ that to somebody who ░░░░░░░░ ill with a hope ░░░░░░░░ what allowed the first ░░░░░░░░ to recover will help ░░░░░░░░ second person recover and ░░░░░░░░ substances are the antibodies ░░░░░░░░ the serum and so ░░░░░░░░ know that there are ░░░░░░░░ people who have antibodies ░░░░░░░░ seem to inactivate the ░░░░░░░░ and people are now ░░░░░░░░ those anti Ciera to ░░░░░░░░ and will soon have ░░░░░░░░ answers for that a ░░░░░░░░ of groups around the ░░░░░░░░ are doing it the ░░░░░░░░ city of Wuhan which ░░░░░░░░ the epicenter of this ░░░░░░░░ is reporting that it ░░░░░░░░ no more Coronavirus patients ░░░░░░░░ its hospitals no significant ░░░░░░░░ that as it tremendously ░░░░░░░░ it shows that very ░░░░░░░░ control processes can get ░░░░░░░░ to climb down off ░░░░░░░░ peak of infection rather ░░░░░░░░ a lot of people ░░░░░░░░ wondering whether that would ░░░░░░░░ and the fact that ░░░░░░░░ hospitals are now empty ░░░░░░░░ ghovat patients is the ░░░░░░░░ kind of dose it ░░░░░░░░ a very strict kind ░░░░░░░░ what they call controlled ░░░░░░░░ to do that it ░░░░░░░░ take real discipline to ░░░░░░░░ that I think whatever ░░░░░░░░ you think about this ░░░░░░░░ a global disease there ░░░░░░░░ something s an idea ░░░░░░░░ I want everybody to ░░░░░░░░ in their mind as ░░░░░░░░ as one person is ░░░░░░░░ we re all at ░░░░░░░░ until there s a ░░░░░░░░ it only took one ░░░░░░░░ to be infected to ░░░░░░░░ this global pandemic one ░░░░░░░░ if one person remains ░░░░░░░░ whether they re in ░░░░░░░░ or Ethiopia we re ░░░░░░░░ at risk this is ░░░░░░░░ global effort that we ░░░░░░░░ to contain and we ░░░░░░░░ to do in equitably ░░░░░░░░ societies Singapore learned a ░░░░░░░░ tough lesson they took ░░░░░░░░ of their citizens but ░░░░░░░░ out of their migrant ░░░░░░░░ that was a huge ░░░░░░░░ if in the United ░░░░░░░░ we don t take ░░░░░░░░ of our minorities we ░░░░░░░░ gonna have this infection ░░░░░░░░ us and one could ░░░░░░░░ the whole country in ░░░░░░░░ the whole world a ░░░░░░░░ who may be in ░░░░░░░░ remote island or a ░░░░░░░░ let s say in ░░░░░░░░ Brazzaville if they re ░░░░░░░░ one person could start ░░░░░░░░ whole thing over again ░░░░░░░░ have to control this ░░░░░░░░ we have to control ░░░░░░░░ globally and we have ░░░░░░░░ control it equitably what ░░░░░░░░ the lessons from the ░░░░░░░░ experience that could possibly ░░░░░░░░ taken to other parts ░░░░░░░░ the world the lessons ░░░░░░░░ in importance to me ░░░░░░░░ communication but this is ░░░░░░░░ disease that everybody has ░░░░░░░░ be on board that ░░░░░░░░ are going to impose ░░░░░░░░ control over your activities ░░░░░░░░ will be strict control ░░░░░░░░ and very important something ░░░░░░░░ controlled quarantine if you ░░░░░░░░ exposed you are placed ░░░░░░░░ isolation by yourself with ░░░░░░░░ only to people who ░░░░░░░░ has been clad very ░░░░░░░░ countries do that you ░░░░░░░░ I I understand that ░░░░░░░░ you look at the ░░░░░░░░ index it s got ░░░░░░░░ be below one to ░░░░░░░░ the infection without controlled ░░░░░░░░ you re above one ░░░░░░░░ control quarantine you can ░░░░░░░░ below one I wish ░░░░░░░░ Chinese from Wuhan would ░░░░░░░░ that data that is ░░░░░░░░ critical piece of data ░░░░░░░░ remains unpublished what happened ░░░░░░░░ and after control quarantine ░░░░░░░░ s faced criticism for ░░░░░░░░ alleged lack of transparency ░░░░░░░░ the beginning of the ░░░░░░░░ in fact the Microsoft ░░░░░░░░ Bill Gates says that ░░░░░░░░ allegations that China cost ░░░░░░░░ world valuable time he ░░░░░░░░ it a distraction because ░░░░░░░░ doesn t affect how ░░░░░░░░ in fact behave right ░░░░░░░░ what are your thoughts ░░░░░░░░ I call it the ░░░░░░░░ thing call it that ░░░░░░░░ and shiny object is ░░░░░░░░ by a magician while ░░░░░░░░ friend picks your pocket ░░░░░░░░ s how I describe ░░░░░░░░ it s a little ░░░░░░░░ graphic than bill Bill ░░░░░░░░ does but that s ░░░░░░░░ what it is Chinese ░░░░░░░░ Brian I say look ░░░░░░░░ s got the problem ░░░░░░░░ now we ve got ░░░░░░░░ problem I calculate it ░░░░░░░░ 50 times worse I ░░░░░░░░ 60 times for his ░░░░░░░░ capita than the Chinese ░░░░░░░░ our problem right now ░░░░░░░░ ve got a big ░░░░░░░░ but let me say ░░░░░░░░ else about that I ░░░░░░░░ looked at that very ░░░░░░░░ and as epidemics go ░░░░░░░░ Chinese were forthcoming pretty ░░░░░░░░ and to the extent ░░░░░░░░ there was some difficulty ░░░░░░░░ you call cover up ░░░░░░░░ from what you will ░░░░░░░░ local wasn t national ░░░░░░░░ I think it was ░░░░░░░░ of a local rather ░░░░░░░░ national plan but very ░░░░░░░░ by the end of ░░░░░░░░ there was a lot ░░░░░░░░ information coming out so ░░░░░░░░ idea is ji distraction ░░░░░░░░ one way of putting ░░░░░░░░ but we ve got ░░░░░░░░ pay attention to what ░░░░░░░░ happening in the US ░░░░░░░░ each country has to ░░░░░░░░ attention to what s ░░░░░░░░ in their country there ░░░░░░░░ still big issues with ░░░░░░░░ here in the United ░░░░░░░░ only about 1 6 ░░░░░░░░ of the population has ░░░░░░░░ tested why is the ░░░░░░░░ S So behind in ░░░░░░░░ well let me say ░░░░░░░░ first thing to say ░░░░░░░░ not only about testing ░░░░░░░░ if you follow what ░░░░░░░░ was saying about the ░░░░░░░░ the infection has been ░░░░░░░░ one sick person is ░░░░░░░░ race and regardless of ░░░░░░░░ test results they re ░░░░░░░░ in controlled quarantine regardless ░░░░░░░░ the test result I ░░░░░░░░ friends or put in ░░░░░░░░ quarantine and have never ░░░░░░░░ tested they had to ░░░░░░░░ the temperature to see ░░░░░░░░ they were sick and ░░░░░░░░ they were sick they ░░░░░░░░ be taken care of ░░░░░░░░ while they were in ░░░░░░░░ and after in control ░░░░░░░░ they were never tested ░░░░░░░░ don t need tested ░░░░░░░░ need ashford contact tracing ░░░░░░░░ you need controlled warranty ░░░░░░░░ s enough tests are ░░░░░░░░ on the cake now ░░░░░░░░ the US doesn t ░░░░░░░░ a good testing regime ░░░░░░░░ know is a deep ░░░░░░░░ of our central government ░░░░░░░░ local governments can really ░░░░░░░░ that it s just ░░░░░░░░ massive failure we have ░░░░░░░░ the technologies we need ░░░░░░░░ s just a simple ░░░░░░░░ problems not a problem ░░░░░░░░ could do it if ░░░░░░░░ had the will to ░░░░░░░░ it we just haven ░░░░░░░░ had the will and ░░░░░░░░ still don t it ░░░░░░░░ an incredible failure as ░░░░░░░░ as I can see ░░░░░░░░ our central government an ░░░░░░░░ failure which persists and ░░░░░░░░ me it s horrifying ░░░░░░░░ puzzling but even without ░░░░░░░░ if we put in ░░░░░░░░ contact tracing and control ░░░░░░░░ quarantine we could stop ░░░░░░░░ epidemic dr Hazel team ░░░░░░░░ so much for joining ░░░░░░░░ my pleasure thank you ░░░░░░░░ was dr Put him ░░░░░░░░ talking to us by ░░░░░░░░ zoom from New York ░░░░░░░░ stay with us